Cudurrada halista ah, tallaalka aan fiicnayn ee la daweyn karo - difaaca jirka ee secondary. Ma aha natiijo ka dhalan karta hiddo-wareerka waxaana lagu gartaa guud ahaan daciifinta jirka iyo nidaamka difaaca. Tallaalka dheeriga ah ee difaaca jirka ee tallaalku wuxuu qeexayaa sida uu u burburiyay cudurka neefsiga ee shaqada hawsha difaaca jirkeena.
Maxay ka dhigan tahay talaalka difaaca jirka ee dugsiga sare?
Haddii aan si faahfaahin dheeraad ah uga fiirsanno talaalka difaaca jirka, waa maxay dadka waaweyn, waxaan ku siin karnaa qeexitaan ah qaybta daawada guud, oo baraysa sifooyinka jirka ee ilaalinta iyo iska-caabbinta arrimaha saboolka ah - immunology. Sidaa daraadeed, tallaalka difaaca jirka (secondary) (fayruska) ayaa ah mid aan fiicnayn ee shaqada habka difaaca jirka, oo aan waxba ka qabin genetics. Xaaladaha noocan oo kale ah waxaa weheliya cudurrada infakshanka iyo cudurada faafa, kuwaas oo aad u liidata daaweynta.
Qiyaasta tallaal ee sarreeya - qeexitaanka
Waxaa jira dhawr nooc oo kala-soocid ah oo ka mid ah xaaladahan:
- xawaaraha horumarka;
- baahsanaanta;
- heerka burburka;
- ayadoo loo eegayo darnaanta gobolka.
Qeybinta CID ee heerka dhexe ee horumarka:
- ba'an (oo ay sababtay cudurada faafa ee cudurada, sunta kala duwan, dhaawacyada);
- daba joog ah (waxay kudhacdaa asalka asaasiga ah ee farsamo-yaqaanka, caabuqa fayraska, burooyinka, iwm.).
Marka la eego jabaqda:
- Tallaal-marinta Tallaal-ahaaneed ee Fagosiinta;
- cillad nidaamka isku dhafan;
- heerka tallaalka ee T-cell secondary;
- Ku xadgudubka difaaca jidhka;
- isku dhafka.
Weli tilmaan:
- IDS-spontaneous - waxay la mid tahay heerka asaasiga ah ee asaasiga ah, sababtoo ah ma jirto sabab cad oo dhacdo;
- cillad xagga difaaca jirka ah - sababtu waa mid cad.
Noocyada difaaca jirka ee labaad
Marka laga soo tago kala-soociddii la tixgeliyey, qaabka loo yaqaan 'immunodeficiencies' ee qaabka isbeddelka iyo soocista ayaa sidoo kale go'doon ah. Inta badan waa suurtagal in la helo AIDS sida hal nooc oo xaaladdan ah, laakiin habka casriga casriga ah ayaa marar badan sheega cilladan tan oo ah natiijada aqoonsiyada IDS-ka, oo ah wakiilka keena HIV (fayruska difaaca jirka ee bini'aadamka). AIDS-ka oo ay weheliso foomka isbeddelka ah iyo soo-jiidashada ee isku midka ah fikradda hal-abuurka ah ee ku-meel-gaadhka ah.
Nooca isdaba-joogga ah ee difaaca jirka ee labaad
Maqnaanshaha qeexitaan cad oo qeexan, wuxuu calaamad u yahay difaaca jidhka ee isbeddelka ah. Tani waxay u dhigtaa mid la mid ah noocyada asaasiga ah, iyo marar badan waxaa keena ficilka microbiot-ka ee shucaac ah. Dadka qaangaarka ah, adag-in-loo daweeyo caabuqyada daba-dheeraaday waxaa lagu qeexay astaamaha kiliinka ee IDS-da dugsiga sare. Cudurada ugu badan ee soo noqnoqda ayaa lagu arkaa xubnaha iyo nidaamyadan:
- indhaha;
- maqaarka maqaarka;
- Nidaamka Neefsashada:
- xubnaha unugyada dheef-shiidka;
- Nidaamka Genito-kaadida.
Tallaalka aan caadiga ahayn ee tallaalka
Tallaalka difaaca ee la xannibay waa la daweyn karaa iyo badanaa iyadoo la adeegsanaayo daaweynta isku dhafan ee suurtogalka ah in si dhammaystiran loo soo celiyo hawlaha difaaca jidhka. Sababaha ugu caansan ee ah sababta keentay in tallaalka labaad ee soo-galootiga ah uu dhaco waa:
- waxqabadyo qalliin ah;
- dhaawacyada culus;
- barooti ka dhan ah sonkorowga, beerka iyo kalyaha;
- Raajooyin isdaba joog ah.
Sababaha difaaca jirka ee dugsiga sare
Waxaa jira sababo badan oo keena cudurrada difaaca jirka ee dheeraadka ah iyo qaar badan oo ka mid ah celceliska akhristaha ma xitaa malaha, sababtoo ah intooda ugu badan fikradda IDS waxay la xiriirtaa arrin caalami ah oo aan dib loo noqon karin, laakiin dhab ahaantii, dawladahan oo kale ayaa dib u noqon kara haddii aysan ahayn fayruska difaac la'aanta xuquuqda. Laakiin xitaa haddii aan ka hadleyno HIV, ka dibna fayraskan, dad badan ayaa ku nool da 'wayn.
Sidaa darteed, sababaha muuqaalka dawladahan oo kale waxay noqon karaan:
- caabuqa bakteeriyada (tuberculosis, pneumococci, staphylococci, meningococci iyo wixii la mid ah);
- helminths iyo weerarada protozoal (ascarids, toxoplasmosis, trichinosis, duumada);
- waxbarashada qaaxada.
- Dhibaatooyinka gawaarida
- caabuqyada fayraska (furuq, cagaarshow, jadeeco, rubella, herpes, cytomegaly iyo wixii la mid ah);
- sarkhaan ( thyrotoxicosis , sumowga);
- Dhibaatada maskaxda iyo jirka oo aad u daran, waxqabad jireed oo kordhay;
- dhiigbax, nephritis , gubasho;
- saamaynta kiimikada (daroogooyinka, steroids, kemotherabi);
- dabeecadaha dabiiciga ah (da'da ilmaha ama da'da ilmaha, muddada dhalashada ilmo);
- la'aanta waxyaallaha yaryar iyo macro muhiim ah, fitamiinnada sababa nafaqo daro.
Tallaalka dheeriga ah - calaamadaha
Calaamad muujinaysa in si dhakhso ah loo baaro nidaamka difaaca jirka ayaa noqon kara calaamadaha astaamaha, taas oo inta badan cadeeysa dhibaatooyinka. Calaamadaha difaaca jirka ee dugsiga sare:
- meningitis iyo sepsis purulent;
- cudurada bakteeriyada ee joogtada ah ama joogtada ah;
- Constant ARVI iyo stomatitis;
- herpes;
- fungi iyo cudurada parasitic;
- boronkiitada daba dheeraaday;
- dhibaatooyinka joogtada ah ee xubnaha ENT;
- cudurada qanjirada;
- pneumonia.
Daaweynta Tallaalka Sare - Daaweyn
Su'aasha ah sida loo daweeyo difaaca difaacida dugsiga sare wuxuu u baahan yahay tixgelin faahfaahsan, sababtoo ah ma aha oo keliya caafimaadka, laakiin sidoo kale, badanaa, noloshu waxay ku xiran tahay daaweynta. Cudurada joogtada ah ee ka soo horjeeda difaaca hooseeya, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in si deg deg ah loola tashado takhasusle waxaana laga helaa sahan. Haddii aan la ogaanin tallaalkii difaaca jirka ee labaad, markaa ma aha lagama maarmaan in la daahiyo bilowga daaweynta.
Daaweynta labaad ee ISD ayaa lagu qoraa iyada oo ku xiran xiriirka ka dhaxeeya burburka laga helay. Inta lagu jiro daaweynta, talaabooyinka ugu horeeya ayaa loo qaadaa si loo baabi'iyo sababaha cudurka. Caadi ahaan, kuwani waa tallaabooyinka haboon ee xilliga firaaqada ka dib hawlgallada, dhaawacyada, gubashada, iwm, oo la sameeyey. Haddii uu cudurku ku dhaco, joogitaanka bakteeriya, fayraska iyo fungi ayaa la tirtiri doonaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo diyaarinta daawooyinka.
- Marka infekshannada ay keento jeermiska cudurada wadnaha, antibiotics ayaa loo qoraa (Abaktal, Amoxiclav, Vancomycin, Gentamicin, Oxacillin).
- Haddii fangaska loo yaqaan "pathogenic fungi" la ogaaday, wakiilada antifungal ayaa loo qorey (Ecodax, Candid, Diflucan, Fungoterbine).
- Dawooyinka Anthelminthic ayaa lagu qoraa jiritaanka Gooryaanka (Helminthox, Centel, Nemosol, Pirantel).
- Dawooyinka lidka Antiviral iyo daawooyinka antiretroviral ayaa lagu qoraa fayruska difaaca jirka (Amiksin, Arbidol, Abakavir, Phosphazid).
- Cirbadaha Immunoglobulin waxaa loo isticmaalaa marinada kiisaska marka wax soo saaraha jirka ee unugyada immunoglobulinada la yareeyo (sida caadiga ah ee ununoglobulin, Hyperimmunoglobulin).
- Tallaalayaasha waxay u qoraan cudurada kala duwan ee dabiiciga ah iyo dabiiciga ah (Cordizex, Roncoleukin, Yuvet, iwm).