Pneumocystis Pneumonia waa nidaam bararka infakshanka ku dhaca sanbabada taasoo keentay fangaska caanaha sida Pneumocystis jirovecii (pneumocysts). Caabuqa ayaa ku dhici kara dhibco hawo leh. Naasoorkan waxaa laga helaa sanbabada dad badan oo caafimaad qaba, laakiin waxay keenaan pathology oo kaliya xaaladaha difaaca jirka.
Ku adkaanshaha difaaca jirka waxaa sababi kara sababaha soo socda:
- nafaqada liita;
- daaweynta antibiotic;
- habka daaweynta kiimiko;
- cudurada dhiiga;
- uurka;
- soo dhaweynta daawooyinka difaaca jirka (tusaale ahaan, xubin jirka ka mid ah), iwm.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, badanaaba cudurkan waxaa laga helaa dadka qaba habdhiska difaaca jirka oo daciif ah, oo uu sababo caabuqa HIV (AIDS). Pneumocystis Pneumonia wuxuu ka diiwaangashan yahay 70% dadka qaba HIV.
Sidee bay udhaca pneumocystis pneumonia?
Walxaha faafa waxay galaan jirka bini'aadamka iyada oo loo marayo habka neefsashada. Gaaritaanka lumen ee yar yari iyo alveoli, waxay bilaabaan inay si firfircoon u dhuftaan. Xilligan, xabku wuxuu bilaabmaa inuu ku ururiyo mareenka neefta, taasoo si weyn u caqabadeysa horumarka hawada.
Qiyaasaha dheef-shiid kiimikaadka ee soo saarey inta lagu jiro horumarinta pneumocysts waxay gashaa dhiigga waxayna ka careysiisaa soo saarista difaaca gaarka ah. Tani waxay keenaysaa caabuqa derbiyada alveoli ee sanbabada, oo sidoo kale sababa neefsashada. Horumarka geeddi-socodka wuxuu keenaa fibrobar, sambabada sambabada, xirmo pneumothorax ayaa sidoo kale horumarin kara. Xaalado dhif ah, pneumocysta waxay soo galaan xubnaha kale (beerka, kalyaha, beeryarada).
Astaamaha Pneumocystis Pneumonia
Bilawga cudurku badanaa waa mid ba'an, waxaana lagu gartaa muujinta soo socota:
- kor u kaca heerkulka jidhka;
- madax xanuun;
- dyspnoea oo leh jimicsi jidheed;
- daciifnimada guud;
- dhidid dhidid;
- xanuunka laabta;
- qufac (inta badan qalalan, sanka, marar badan - iyadoo la sii deynayo xaako badan).
Hal ama laba toddobaad ka dib, calaamadaha soo socda ayaa laga yaabaa inay muuqdaan:
- qandho;
- dyspnea nasasho;
- qufac kordhay;
- cyanosis ee saddexagalka nasolabial;
- acrocyanosis;
- dib u celinta meelaha banaan.
Dadka qaba HIV-ga, cudurka ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u kordha, wuxuu muujiyay astaamaha sambabada oo keliya 4-12 usbuuc kadib. Bukaannada noocan ah, pneumocystic pneumonia waxaa inta badan la socda infakshannada kale, sidaas darteed sarkhaantu waxay u muuqataa inay ku jirto sawirka hore ee sawirka kiliinikada.
Tijaabinta PCP
Cilad-sheegiddu waxay ku saleysantahay shucaaca ama shaxanka la xarriiqay. Aqoonsiga wakiilka keena caabuqa suurtogalka ah ee ay suurtogal tahay baaritaanka histological ee dheecaanka xayawaanka ee burqada bronchoalveolar and biopsies, kaas oo lagu sameeyo habka fibrobronchoscopy.
Daaweynta PCP
Bukaan-socodka leh sawir qaas ah oo cudurka ku jira ayaa isbitaalka la dhigaa, daaweynta PCP-ga HIV-ga waxaa sidoo kale lagu sameeyaa goobaha bukaan-jiifka. Daaweynta daroogada ee la cayimay,
- daawooyinka anti-bararka;
- soo- saaraha, culeys-maskaxeed;
- immunomodulators, iwm.
Daawooyinka waaweyn ee saameynaya pneumocyst waa trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole iyo pentamidine isothionate. Bukaannada AIDS-ka waxaa badanaa loo qoraa alfa-difluoromethylornithine. Yaraanta oksijiinta waxaa lagula talinayaa oksijiinka.