Xaqiiqo, dhammaan beeralayda iyo beeralayda xamuulka waxay og yihiin in beerista dhammaan dhirta dhabta ah, xaalad qasab ah waa soo bandhigidda bacarimis. Waxaa loo qabtaa siyaabo kala duwan iyo waqtiyo kala duwan. Quudinta noocaas ah inta lagu jiro koritaanka firfircoon ee dhirta ayaa dib dambe u bixin doona goosashada cajiib ah. Caadi ahaan, Bacriminta dabiiciga ah (humus, digada ) iyo Bacriminta macdanta (nitrogen, potassium, phosphoric) ayaa loo isticmaalaa. Waxaan kuu sheegi doonaa sida loo isticmaalo superphosphate iyo faa'iidooyinka ay u leeyihiin dhirta.
Superphosphate: halabuurka
Superphosphate waa bacriminta macdanta yar ee nitrogen-fosfooraska. Marka lagu daro fosfooraska kor ku xusan (26%) iyo nitrogen (6%), superphosphate waxay leedahay maadooyin sida potassium, magnesium, calcium iyo sulfur lagama maarmaanka u ah dhirta si ay u quudiyaan una koraan. Bacriminta Tani waxay heli kartaa qaab ah budada iyo granules ilaa 4 mm ee size.
Waxaa jira noocyo bacriminta. Superphosphate waa sahlan - diyaargarow budo ah oo waxtar u leh, laakiin cirib-tirka ugu wayni waa qayb ballaaran oo ah gypsum-ka aan la xalin karin (ilaa 40%). Maaddadani ma dhicin dhirta, laakiin beerta waxaa lagu qasbay in ay xiraan baakado culus si loo kabo. Laakiin daroogadu waa sahlan tahay in la isticmaalo oo aan cake lahayn.
Laga soo bilaabo sahlan, Superphosphate waxaa lagu daraa 30% kalsiumum sulfate. Superphosphate double ayaa lagu gartaa qayb ka yaryar oo ah gypsum iyo saamiga weyn ee phosphate (ilaa 50%) halbeegga.
Waa maxay superphosphate loo isticmaalo?
Guud ahaan, fosfooraska ayaa ah xakamaynaya isbedelka ka yimaada wajiga koritaanka firfircoon ee geedo ilaa marxaladda. Intaa waxaa dheer, walaxda waxay hagaajineysaa dabacsanaanta miraha geedka geedka iyo berrinka. Fosfooraska ayaa ku jira dabeecada noocyada kala duwan ee xeryahooda dabiiciga ah iyo macdanta, laakiin dheefshiidka dhirta waa mid hooseeya. Tani waa sababta udubdhexaad dheeri ah leh superphosphate waa lagama maarmaan, taas oo ay:
- waxaa jira horumarinta nidaamka xididka;
- hagaajinta dhadhanka miraha;
- kordhinta bacriminta;
- geeddi-socodka oxidative ee dhirta ayaa hoos u dhacaya.
Sidee loo sameeyaa superfosphate?
Bacriminta fosfooraska waxaa loo isticmaalaa dhammaan noocyada carrada, laakiin waxtarkeeda gaarka ah waxaa lagu gaarey xayawaan dhexdhexaad ah iyo alkaliin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, carrada leh fal-celinta acid, fosforic acid ka superphosphate waxaa loo beddelaa aluminium iyo fosfatada birta, xeryahooda taas, nasiib daro, aan la nuugo by dhirta. Xaaladdan oo kale, bannaanka u khibrad leh waxay ku talinayaan in lagu daro daroogada leh qashinka ama humus.
Marar badan isticmaalka superphosphate guga iyo dayrta waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu qodo carrada iyo beerashada dalagyada, iyo sidoo kale sida bacriminta macdanta ugu weyn ee quudinta. Asal ahaan, beerashada dalagyada sida baradhada, yaanyada, xididada, galley, qajaar iyo helitaanka dhalid sare, waxaa badanaa lagula taliyaa in lagu daro walaxda marka si toos ah loogu beero ceelasha.
Sidaas, codsiga superphosphate waxay u baahan tahay qiyaasaha soo socda ee lagu taliyey:
- 40-50 g / m² markaad qodo dayrta ama gu'ga;
- marka laga beerto digriiga iyo geedo 3 g ceel kasta;
- 15-20 g / m² dhirta dusha sare ee dharka ku jirta qaabka qalalan;
- 40-60 g / m² qashinka geedaha beerta.
Sidee loo kariyaa daboolka superphosphate?
Si loo dedejiyo keenista bacriminta dhirta, bannaanka u badan-bannaanka u sameeyaan go'aanka diyaarinta daboolka. Si kastaba ha noqotee, ma fududa in la sameeyo tan, sida badanaa la gypsum ah ee diyaargarowga diyaarinta. Sidaa darteed, haddii aad sidoo kale la kulantay su'aasha ah sida loo kala tago superphosphate ee biyaha, waxaan ku talinaynaa isticmaalka walax ah foomka of granules tan. Wixii litir oo biyo kulul waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la qaato 100 g oo ah super-superphosphate, si wanaagsan isku walaaq, isku kari ilaa nus saac si deg deg deg deg ah iyo cadaadis. Maskaxda ku hay in 100 ml oo ah soo saarahaas la bedelay 20 g oo ah walax firfircoon. Haddii kuwan 100 g googoynaya 10 litir oo biyo ah, xalka ujeedku wuxuu socon karaa 1 mitir oo labajibaaran oo ciid ah.